# -*- coding: iso-8859-1 -*-

"""Get useful information from live Python objects.

This module encapsulates the interface provided by the internal special

attributes (func_*, co_*, im_*, tb_*, etc.) in a friendlier fashion.

It also provides some help for examining source code and class layout.

Here are some of the useful functions provided by this module:

    ismodule(), isclass(), ismethod(), isfunction(), isgeneratorfunction(),

        isgenerator(), istraceback(), isframe(), iscode(), isbuiltin(),

        isroutine() - check object types

    getmembers() - get members of an object that satisfy a given condition

    getfile(), getsourcefile(), getsource() - find an object's source code

    getdoc(), getcomments() - get documentation on an object

    getmodule() - determine the module that an object came from

    getclasstree() - arrange classes so as to represent their hierarchy

    getargspec(), getargvalues() - get info about function arguments

    formatargspec(), formatargvalues() - format an argument spec

    getouterframes(), getinnerframes() - get info about frames

    currentframe() - get the current stack frame

    stack(), trace() - get info about frames on the stack or in a traceback

"""

# This module is in the public domain.  No warranties.

__author__ = 'Ka-Ping Yee <ping@lfw.org>'

__date__ = '1 Jan 2001'

import sys

import os

import types

import string

import re

import dis

import imp

import tokenize

import linecache

from operator import attrgetter

from collections import namedtuple

# These constants are from Include/code.h.

CO_OPTIMIZED, CO_NEWLOCALS, CO_VARARGS, CO_VARKEYWORDS = 0x1, 0x2, 0x4, 0x8

CO_NESTED, CO_GENERATOR, CO_NOFREE = 0x10, 0x20, 0x40

# See Include/object.h

TPFLAGS_IS_ABSTRACT = 1 << 20

# ----------------------------------------------------------- type-checking

def ismodule(object):

    """Return true if the object is a module.

    Module objects provide these attributes:

        __doc__         documentation string

        __file__        filename (missing for built-in modules)"""

    return isinstance(object, types.ModuleType)

def isclass(object):

    """Return true if the object is a class.

    Class objects provide these attributes:

        __doc__         documentation string

        __module__      name of module in which this class was defined"""

    return isinstance(object, types.ClassType) or hasattr(object, '__bases__')

def ismethod(object):

    """Return true if the object is an instance method.

    Instance method objects provide these attributes:

        __doc__         documentation string

        __name__        name with which this method was defined

        im_class        class object in which this method belongs

        im_func         function object containing implementation of method

        im_self         instance to which this method is bound, or None"""

    return isinstance(object, types.MethodType)

def ismethoddescriptor(object):

    """Return true if the object is a method descriptor.

    But not if ismethod() or isclass() or isfunction() are true.

    This is new in Python 2.2, and, for example, is true of int.__add__.

    An object passing this test has a __get__ attribute but not a __set__

    attribute, but beyond that the set of attributes varies.  __name__ is

    usually sensible, and __doc__ often is.

    Methods implemented via descriptors that also pass one of the other

    tests return false from the ismethoddescriptor() test, simply because

    the other tests promise more -- you can, e.g., count on having the

    im_func attribute (etc) when an object passes ismethod()."""

    return (hasattr(object, "__get__")

            and not hasattr(object, "__set__") # else it's a data descriptor

            and not ismethod(object)           # mutual exclusion

            and not isfunction(object)

            and not isclass(object))

def isdatadescriptor(object):

    """Return true if the object is a data descriptor.

    Data descriptors have both a __get__ and a __set__ attribute.  Examples are

    properties (defined in Python) and getsets and members (defined in C).

    Typically, data descriptors will also have __name__ and __doc__ attributes

    (properties, getsets, and members have both of these attributes), but this

    is not guaranteed."""

    return (hasattr(object, "__set__") and hasattr(object, "__get__"))

if hasattr(types, 'MemberDescriptorType'):

    # CPython and equivalent

    def ismemberdescriptor(object):

        """Return true if the object is a member descriptor.

        Member descriptors are specialized descriptors defined in extension

        modules."""

        return isinstance(object, types.MemberDescriptorType)

else:

    # Other implementations

    def ismemberdescriptor(object):

        """Return true if the object is a member descriptor.

        Member descriptors are specialized descriptors defined in extension

        modules."""

        return False

if hasattr(types, 'GetSetDescriptorType'):

    # CPython and equivalent

    def isgetsetdescriptor(object):

        """Return true if the object is a getset descriptor.

        getset descriptors are specialized descriptors defined in extension

        modules."""

        return isinstance(object, types.GetSetDescriptorType)

else:

    # Other implementations

    def isgetsetdescriptor(object):

        """Return true if the object is a getset descriptor.

        getset descriptors are specialized descriptors defined in extension

        modules."""

        return False

def isfunction(object):

    """Return true if the object is a user-defined function.

    Function objects provide these attributes:

        __doc__         documentation string

        __name__        name with which this function was defined

        func_code       code object containing compiled function bytecode

        func_defaults   tuple of any default values for arguments

        func_doc        (same as __doc__)

        func_globals    global namespace in which this function was defined

        func_name       (same as __name__)"""

    return isinstance(object, types.FunctionType)

def isgeneratorfunction(object):

    """Return true if the object is a user-defined generator function.

    Generator function objects provides same attributes as functions.

    See isfunction.__doc__ for attributes listing."""

    if (isfunction(object) or ismethod(object)) and \

        object.func_code.co_flags & CO_GENERATOR:

        return True

def isgenerator(object):

    """Return true if the object is a generator.

    Generator objects provide these attributes:

        __iter__        defined to support interation over container

        close           raises a new GeneratorExit exception inside the

                        generator to terminate the iteration

        gi_code         code object

        gi_frame        frame object or possibly None once the generator has

                        been exhausted

        gi_running      set to 1 when generator is executing, 0 otherwise

        next            return the next item from the container

        send            resumes the generator and "sends" a value that becomes

                        the result of the current yield-expression

        throw           used to raise an exception inside the generator"""

    return isinstance(object, types.GeneratorType)

def istraceback(object):

    """Return true if the object is a traceback.

    Traceback objects provide these attributes:

        tb_frame        frame object at this level

        tb_lasti        index of last attempted instruction in bytecode

        tb_lineno       current line number in Python source code

        tb_next         next inner traceback object (called by this level)"""

    return isinstance(object, types.TracebackType)

def isframe(object):

    """Return true if the object is a frame object.

    Frame objects provide these attributes:

        f_back          next outer frame object (this frame's caller)

        f_builtins      built-in namespace seen by this frame

        f_code          code object being executed in this frame

        f_exc_traceback traceback if raised in this frame, or None

        f_exc_type      exception type if raised in this frame, or None

        f_exc_value     exception value if raised in this frame, or None

        f_globals       global namespace seen by this frame

        f_lasti         index of last attempted instruction in bytecode

        f_lineno        current line number in Python source code

        f_locals        local namespace seen by this frame

        f_restricted    0 or 1 if frame is in restricted execution mode

        f_trace         tracing function for this frame, or None"""

    return isinstance(object, types.FrameType)

def iscode(object):

    """Return true if the object is a code object.

    Code objects provide these attributes:

        co_argcount     number of arguments (not including * or ** args)

        co_code         string of raw compiled bytecode

        co_consts       tuple of constants used in the bytecode

        co_filename     name of file in which this code object was created

        co_firstlineno  number of first line in Python source code

        co_flags        bitmap: 1=optimized | 2=newlocals | 4=*arg | 8=**arg

        co_lnotab       encoded mapping of line numbers to bytecode indices

        co_name         name with which this code object was defined

        co_names        tuple of names of local variables

        co_nlocals      number of local variables

        co_stacksize    virtual machine stack space required

        co_varnames     tuple of names of arguments and local variables"""

    return isinstance(object, types.CodeType)

def isbuiltin(object):

    """Return true if the object is a built-in function or method.

    Built-in functions and methods provide these attributes:

        __doc__         documentation string

        __name__        original name of this function or method

        __self__        instance to which a method is bound, or None"""

    return isinstance(object, types.BuiltinFunctionType)

def isroutine(object):

    """Return true if the object is any kind of function or method."""

    return (isbuiltin(object)

            or isfunction(object)

            or ismethod(object)

            or ismethoddescriptor(object))

def isgenerator(object):

    """Return true if the object is a generator object."""

    return isinstance(object, types.GeneratorType)

def isabstract(object):

    """Return true if the object is an abstract base class (ABC)."""

    return isinstance(object, type) and object.__flags__ & TPFLAGS_IS_ABSTRACT

def getmembers(object, predicate=None):

    """Return all members of an object as (name, value) pairs sorted by name.

    Optionally, only return members that satisfy a given predicate."""

    results = []

    for key in dir(object):

        value = getattr(object, key)

        if not predicate or predicate(value):

            results.append((key, value))

    results.sort()

    return results

Attribute = namedtuple('Attribute', 'name kind defining_class object')

def classify_class_attrs(cls):

    """Return list of attribute-descriptor tuples.

    For each name in dir(cls), the return list contains a 4-tuple

    with these elements:

        0. The name (a string).

        1. The kind of attribute this is, one of these strings:

               'class method'    created via classmethod()

               'static method'   created via staticmethod()

               'property'        created via property()

               'method'          any other flavor of method

               'data'            not a method

        2. The class which defined this attribute (a class).

        3. The object as obtained directly from the defining class's

           __dict__, not via getattr.  This is especially important for

           data attributes:  C.data is just a data object, but

           C.__dict__['data'] may be a data descriptor with additional

           info, like a __doc__ string.

    """

    mro = getmro(cls)

    names = dir(cls)

    result = []

    for name in names:

        # Get the object associated with the name.

        # Getting an obj from the __dict__ sometimes reveals more than

        # using getattr.  Static and class methods are dramatic examples.

        if name in cls.__dict__:

            obj = cls.__dict__[name]

        else:

            obj = getattr(cls, name)

        # Figure out where it was defined.

        homecls = getattr(obj, "__objclass__", None)

        if homecls is None:

            # search the dicts.

            for base in mro:

                if name in base.__dict__:

                    homecls = base

                    break

        # Get the object again, in order to get it from the defining

        # __dict__ instead of via getattr (if possible).

        if homecls is not None and name in homecls.__dict__:

            obj = homecls.__dict__[name]

        # Also get the object via getattr.

        obj_via_getattr = getattr(cls, name)

        # Classify the object.

        if isinstance(obj, staticmethod):

            kind = "static method"

        elif isinstance(obj, classmethod):

            kind = "class method"

        elif isinstance(obj, property):

            kind = "property"

        elif (ismethod(obj_via_getattr) or

              ismethoddescriptor(obj_via_getattr)):

            kind = "method"

        else:

            kind = "data"

        result.append(Attribute(name, kind, homecls, obj))

    return result

# ----------------------------------------------------------- class helpers

def _searchbases(cls, accum):

    # Simulate the "classic class" search order.

    if cls in accum:

        return

    accum.append(cls)

    for base in cls.__bases__:

        _searchbases(base, accum)

def getmro(cls):

    "Return tuple of base classes (including cls) in method resolution order."

    if hasattr(cls, "__mro__"):

        return cls.__mro__

    else:

        result = []

        _searchbases(cls, result)

        return tuple(result)

# -------------------------------------------------- source code extraction

def indentsize(line):

    """Return the indent size, in spaces, at the start of a line of text."""

    expline = string.expandtabs(line)

    return len(expline) - len(string.lstrip(expline))

def getdoc(object):

    """Get the documentation string for an object.

    All tabs are expanded to spaces.  To clean up docstrings that are

    indented to line up with blocks of code, any whitespace than can be

    uniformly removed from the second line onwards is removed."""

    try:

        doc = object.__doc__

    except AttributeError:

        return None

    if not isinstance(doc, types.StringTypes):

        return None

    return cleandoc(doc)

def cleandoc(doc):

    """Clean up indentation from docstrings.

    Any whitespace that can be uniformly removed from the second line

    onwards is removed."""

    try:

        lines = string.split(string.expandtabs(doc), '\n')

    except UnicodeError:

        return None

    else:

        # Find minimum indentation of any non-blank lines after first line.

        margin = sys.maxint

        for line in lines[1:]:

            content = len(string.lstrip(line))

            if content:

                indent = len(line) - content

                margin = min(margin, indent)

        # Remove indentation.

        if lines:

            lines[0] = lines[0].lstrip()

        if margin < sys.maxint:

            for i in range(1, len(lines)): lines[i] = lines[i][margin:]

        # Remove any trailing or leading blank lines.

        while lines and not lines[-1]:

            lines.pop()

        while lines and not lines[0]:

            lines.pop(0)

        return string.join(lines, '\n')

def getfile(object):

    """Work out which source or compiled file an object was defined in."""

    if ismodule(object):

        if hasattr(object, '__file__'):

            return object.__file__

        raise TypeError('arg is a built-in module')

    if isclass(object):

        object = sys.modules.get(object.__module__)

        if hasattr(object, '__file__'):

            return object.__file__

        raise TypeError('arg is a built-in class')

    if ismethod(object):

        object = object.im_func

    if isfunction(object):

        object = object.func_code

    if istraceback(object):

        object = object.tb_frame

    if isframe(object):

        object = object.f_code

    if iscode(object):

        return object.co_filename

    raise TypeError('arg is not a module, class, method, '

                    'function, traceback, frame, or code object')

ModuleInfo = namedtuple('ModuleInfo', 'name suffix mode module_type')

def getmoduleinfo(path):

    """Get the module name, suffix, mode, and module type for a given file."""

    filename = os.path.basename(path)

    suffixes = map(lambda info:

                   (-len(info[0]), info[0], info[1], info[2]),

                    imp.get_suffixes())

    suffixes.sort() # try longest suffixes first, in case they overlap

    for neglen, suffix, mode, mtype in suffixes:

        if filename[neglen:] == suffix:

            return ModuleInfo(filename[:neglen], suffix, mode, mtype)

def getmodulename(path):

    """Return the module name for a given file, or None."""

    info = getmoduleinfo(path)

    if info: return info[0]

def getsourcefile(object):

    """Return the Python source file an object was defined in, if it exists."""

    filename = getfile(object)

    if string.lower(filename[-4:]) in ('.pyc', '.pyo'):

        filename = filename[:-4] + '.py'

    for suffix, mode, kind in imp.get_suffixes():

        if 'b' in mode and string.lower(filename[-len(suffix):]) == suffix:

            # Looks like a binary file.  We want to only return a text file.

            return None

    if os.path.exists(filename):

        return filename

    # only return a non-existent filename if the module has a PEP 302 loader

    if hasattr(getmodule(object, filename), '__loader__'):

        return filename

def getabsfile(object, _filename=None):

    """Return an absolute path to the source or compiled file for an object.

    The idea is for each object to have a unique origin, so this routine

    normalizes the result as much as possible."""

    if _filename is None:

        _filename = getsourcefile(object) or getfile(object)

    return os.path.normcase(os.path.abspath(_filename))

modulesbyfile = {}

_filesbymodname = {}

def getmodule(object, _filename=None):

    """Return the module an object was defined in, or None if not found."""

    if ismodule(object):

        return object

    if hasattr(object, '__module__'):

        return sys.modules.get(object.__module__)

    # Try the filename to modulename cache

    if _filename is not None and _filename in modulesbyfile:

        return sys.modules.get(modulesbyfile[_filename])

    # Try the cache again with the absolute file name

    try:

        file = getabsfile(object, _filename)

    except TypeError:

        return None

    if file in modulesbyfile:

        return sys.modules.get(modulesbyfile[file])

    # Update the filename to module name cache and check yet again

    # Copy sys.modules in order to cope with changes while iterating

    for modname, module in sys.modules.items():

        if ismodule(module) and hasattr(module, '__file__'):

            f = module.__file__

            if f == _filesbymodname.get(modname, None):

                # Have already mapped this module, so skip it

                continue

            _filesbymodname[modname] = f

            f = getabsfile(module)

            # Always map to the name the module knows itself by

            modulesbyfile[f] = modulesbyfile[

                os.path.realpath(f)] = module.__name__

    if file in modulesbyfile:

        return sys.modules.get(modulesbyfile[file])

    # Check the main module

    main = sys.modules['__main__']

    if not hasattr(object, '__name__'):

        return None

    if hasattr(main, object.__name__):

        mainobject = getattr(main, object.__name__)

        if mainobject is object:

            return main

    # Check builtins

    builtin = sys.modules['__builtin__']

    if hasattr(builtin, object.__name__):

        builtinobject = getattr(builtin, object.__name__)

        if builtinobject is object:

            return builtin

def findsource(object):

    """Return the entire source file and starting line number for an object.

    The argument may be a module, class, method, function, traceback, frame,

    or code object.  The source code is returned as a list of all the lines

    in the file and the line number indexes a line in that list.  An IOError

    is raised if the source code cannot be retrieved."""

    file = getsourcefile(object) or getfile(object)

    module = getmodule(object, file)

    if module:

        lines = linecache.getlines(file, module.__dict__)

    else: