.. highlightlang:: none

.. _history-and-license:

*******************

History and License

*******************

History of the software

=======================

Python was created in the early 1990s by Guido van Rossum at Stichting

Mathematisch Centrum (CWI, see http://www.cwi.nl/) in the Netherlands as a

successor of a language called ABC.  Guido remains Python's principal author,

although it includes many contributions from others.

In 1995, Guido continued his work on Python at the Corporation for National

Research Initiatives (CNRI, see http://www.cnri.reston.va.us/) in Reston,

Virginia where he released several versions of the software.

In May 2000, Guido and the Python core development team moved to BeOpen.com to

form the BeOpen PythonLabs team.  In October of the same year, the PythonLabs

team moved to Digital Creations (now Zope Corporation; see

http://www.zope.com/).  In 2001, the Python Software Foundation (PSF, see

http://www.python.org/psf/) was formed, a non-profit organization created

specifically to own Python-related Intellectual Property.  Zope Corporation is a

sponsoring member of the PSF.

All Python releases are Open Source (see http://www.opensource.org/ for the Open

Source Definition). Historically, most, but not all, Python releases have also

been GPL-compatible; the table below summarizes the various releases.

+----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+

| Release        | Derived from | Year      | Owner      | GPL compatible? |

+================+==============+===========+============+=================+

| 0.9.0 thru 1.2 | n/a          | 1991-1995 | CWI        | yes             |

+----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+

| 1.3 thru 1.5.2 | 1.2          | 1995-1999 | CNRI       | yes             |

+----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+

| 1.6            | 1.5.2        | 2000      | CNRI       | no              |

+----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+

| 2.0            | 1.6          | 2000      | BeOpen.com | no              |

+----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+

| 1.6.1          | 1.6          | 2001      | CNRI       | no              |

+----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+

| 2.1            | 2.0+1.6.1    | 2001      | PSF        | no              |

+----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+

| 2.0.1          | 2.0+1.6.1    | 2001      | PSF        | yes             |

+----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+

| 2.1.1          | 2.1+2.0.1    | 2001      | PSF        | yes             |

+----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+

| 2.2            | 2.1.1        | 2001      | PSF        | yes             |

+----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+

| 2.1.2          | 2.1.1        | 2002      | PSF        | yes             |

+----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+

| 2.1.3          | 2.1.2        | 2002      | PSF        | yes             |

+----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+

| 2.2.1          | 2.2          | 2002      | PSF        | yes             |

+----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+

| 2.2.2          | 2.2.1        | 2002      | PSF        | yes             |

+----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+

| 2.2.3          | 2.2.2        | 2002-2003 | PSF        | yes             |

+----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+

| 2.3            | 2.2.2        | 2002-2003 | PSF        | yes             |

+----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+

| 2.3.1          | 2.3          | 2002-2003 | PSF        | yes             |

+----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+

| 2.3.2          | 2.3.1        | 2003      | PSF        | yes             |

+----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+

| 2.3.3          | 2.3.2        | 2003      | PSF        | yes             |

+----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+

| 2.3.4          | 2.3.3        | 2004      | PSF        | yes             |

+----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+

| 2.3.5          | 2.3.4        | 2005      | PSF        | yes             |

+----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+

| 2.4            | 2.3          | 2004      | PSF        | yes             |

+----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+

| 2.4.1          | 2.4          | 2005      | PSF        | yes             |

+----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+

| 2.4.2          | 2.4.1        | 2005      | PSF        | yes             |

+----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+

| 2.4.3          | 2.4.2        | 2006      | PSF        | yes             |

+----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+

| 2.4.4          | 2.4.3        | 2006      | PSF        | yes             |

+----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+

| 2.5            | 2.4          | 2006      | PSF        | yes             |

+----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+

| 2.5.1          | 2.5          | 2007      | PSF        | yes             |

+----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+

| 2.6            | 2.5          | 2008      | PSF        | yes             |

+----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+

.. note::

   GPL-compatible doesn't mean that we're distributing Python under the GPL.  All

   Python licenses, unlike the GPL, let you distribute a modified version without

   making your changes open source. The GPL-compatible licenses make it possible to

   combine Python with other software that is released under the GPL; the others

   don't.

Thanks to the many outside volunteers who have worked under Guido's direction to

make these releases possible.

Terms and conditions for accessing or otherwise using Python

============================================================

.. centered:: PSF LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON |release|

#. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between the Python Software Foundation ("PSF"), and

   the Individual or Organization ("Licensee") accessing and otherwise using Python

   |release| software in source or binary form and its associated documentation.

#. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License Agreement, PSF hereby

   grants Licensee a nonexclusive, royalty-free, world-wide license to reproduce,

   analyze, test, perform and/or display publicly, prepare derivative works,

   distribute, and otherwise use Python |release| alone or in any derivative

   version, provided, however, that PSF's License Agreement and PSF's notice of

   copyright, i.e., "Copyright © 2001-2008 Python Software Foundation; All Rights

   Reserved" are retained in Python |release| alone or in any derivative version

   prepared by Licensee.

#. In the event Licensee prepares a derivative work that is based on or

   incorporates Python |release| or any part thereof, and wants to make the

   derivative work available to others as provided herein, then Licensee hereby

   agrees to include in any such work a brief summary of the changes made to Python

   |release|.

#. PSF is making Python |release| available to Licensee on an "AS IS" basis.

   PSF MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED.  BY WAY OF

   EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, PSF MAKES NO AND DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR

   WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE

   USE OF PYTHON |release| WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS.

#. PSF SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF PYTHON |release|

   FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS AS A RESULT OF

   MODIFYING, DISTRIBUTING, OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON |release|, OR ANY DERIVATIVE

   THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF.

#. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material breach of

   its terms and conditions.

#. Nothing in this License Agreement shall be deemed to create any relationship

   of agency, partnership, or joint venture between PSF and Licensee.  This License

   Agreement does not grant permission to use PSF trademarks or trade name in a

   trademark sense to endorse or promote products or services of Licensee, or any

   third party.

#. By copying, installing or otherwise using Python |release|, Licensee agrees

   to be bound by the terms and conditions of this License Agreement.

.. centered:: BEOPEN.COM LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 2.0

.. centered:: BEOPEN PYTHON OPEN SOURCE LICENSE AGREEMENT VERSION 1

#. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between BeOpen.com ("BeOpen"), having an office at

   160 Saratoga Avenue, Santa Clara, CA 95051, and the Individual or Organization

   ("Licensee") accessing and otherwise using this software in source or binary

   form and its associated documentation ("the Software").

#. Subject to the terms and conditions of this BeOpen Python License Agreement,

   BeOpen hereby grants Licensee a non-exclusive, royalty-free, world-wide license

   to reproduce, analyze, test, perform and/or display publicly, prepare derivative

   works, distribute, and otherwise use the Software alone or in any derivative

   version, provided, however, that the BeOpen Python License is retained in the

   Software, alone or in any derivative version prepared by Licensee.

#. BeOpen is making the Software available to Licensee on an "AS IS" basis.

   BEOPEN MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED.  BY WAY OF

   EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, BEOPEN MAKES NO AND DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR

   WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE

   USE OF THE SOFTWARE WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS.

#. BEOPEN SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF THE SOFTWARE FOR

   ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS AS A RESULT OF USING,

   MODIFYING OR DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE, OR ANY DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF

   ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF.

#. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material breach of

   its terms and conditions.

#. This License Agreement shall be governed by and interpreted in all respects

   by the law of the State of California, excluding conflict of law provisions.

   Nothing in this License Agreement shall be deemed to create any relationship of

   agency, partnership, or joint venture between BeOpen and Licensee.  This License

   Agreement does not grant permission to use BeOpen trademarks or trade names in a

   trademark sense to endorse or promote products or services of Licensee, or any

   third party.  As an exception, the "BeOpen Python" logos available at

   http://www.pythonlabs.com/logos.html may be used according to the permissions

   granted on that web page.

#. By copying, installing or otherwise using the software, Licensee agrees to be

   bound by the terms and conditions of this License Agreement.

.. centered:: CNRI LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 1.6.1

#. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between the Corporation for National Research

   Initiatives, having an office at 1895 Preston White Drive, Reston, VA 20191

   ("CNRI"), and the Individual or Organization ("Licensee") accessing and

   otherwise using Python 1.6.1 software in source or binary form and its

   associated documentation.

#. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License Agreement, CNRI hereby

   grants Licensee a nonexclusive, royalty-free, world-wide license to reproduce,

   analyze, test, perform and/or display publicly, prepare derivative works,

   distribute, and otherwise use Python 1.6.1 alone or in any derivative version,

   provided, however, that CNRI's License Agreement and CNRI's notice of copyright,

   i.e., "Copyright © 1995-2001 Corporation for National Research Initiatives; All

   Rights Reserved" are retained in Python 1.6.1 alone or in any derivative version

   prepared by Licensee.  Alternately, in lieu of CNRI's License Agreement,

   Licensee may substitute the following text (omitting the quotes): "Python 1.6.1

   is made available subject to the terms and conditions in CNRI's License

   Agreement.  This Agreement together with Python 1.6.1 may be located on the

   Internet using the following unique, persistent identifier (known as a handle):

   1895.22/1013.  This Agreement may also be obtained from a proxy server on the

   Internet using the following URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1895.22/1013."

#. In the event Licensee prepares a derivative work that is based on or

   incorporates Python 1.6.1 or any part thereof, and wants to make the derivative

   work available to others as provided herein, then Licensee hereby agrees to

   include in any such work a brief summary of the changes made to Python 1.6.1.

#. CNRI is making Python 1.6.1 available to Licensee on an "AS IS" basis.  CNRI

   MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED.  BY WAY OF EXAMPLE,

   BUT NOT LIMITATION, CNRI MAKES NO AND DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY

   OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF

   PYTHON 1.6.1 WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS.

#. CNRI SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF PYTHON 1.6.1 FOR

   ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS AS A RESULT OF

   MODIFYING, DISTRIBUTING, OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON 1.6.1, OR ANY DERIVATIVE

   THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF.

#. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material breach of

   its terms and conditions.

#. This License Agreement shall be governed by the federal intellectual property

   law of the United States, including without limitation the federal copyright

   law, and, to the extent such U.S. federal law does not apply, by the law of the

   Commonwealth of Virginia, excluding Virginia's conflict of law provisions.

   Notwithstanding the foregoing, with regard to derivative works based on Python

   1.6.1 that incorporate non-separable material that was previously distributed

   under the GNU General Public License (GPL), the law of the Commonwealth of

   Virginia shall govern this License Agreement only as to issues arising under or

   with respect to Paragraphs 4, 5, and 7 of this License Agreement.  Nothing in

   this License Agreement shall be deemed to create any relationship of agency,

   partnership, or joint venture between CNRI and Licensee.  This License Agreement

   does not grant permission to use CNRI trademarks or trade name in a trademark

   sense to endorse or promote products or services of Licensee, or any third

   party.

#. By clicking on the "ACCEPT" button where indicated, or by copying, installing

   or otherwise using Python 1.6.1, Licensee agrees to be bound by the terms and

   conditions of this License Agreement.

.. centered:: ACCEPT

.. centered:: CWI LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 0.9.0 THROUGH 1.2

Copyright © 1991 - 1995, Stichting Mathematisch Centrum Amsterdam, The

Netherlands.  All rights reserved.

Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its

documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted, provided that

the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that both that copyright

notice and this permission notice appear in supporting documentation, and that

the name of Stichting Mathematisch Centrum or CWI not be used in advertising or

publicity pertaining to distribution of the software without specific, written

prior permission.

STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS

SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS, IN NO

EVENT SHALL STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT

OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE,

DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS

ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS

SOFTWARE.

Licenses and Acknowledgements for Incorporated Software

=======================================================

This section is an incomplete, but growing list of licenses and acknowledgements

for third-party software incorporated in the Python distribution.

Mersenne Twister

----------------

The :mod:`_random` module includes code based on a download from

http://www.math.keio.ac.jp/ matumoto/MT2002/emt19937ar.html. The following are

the verbatim comments from the original code::

   A C-program for MT19937, with initialization improved 2002/1/26.

   Coded by Takuji Nishimura and Makoto Matsumoto.

   Before using, initialize the state by using init_genrand(seed)

   or init_by_array(init_key, key_length).

   Copyright (C) 1997 - 2002, Makoto Matsumoto and Takuji Nishimura,

   All rights reserved.

   Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without

   modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions

   are met:

    1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright

       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.

    2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright

       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the

       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.

    3. The names of its contributors may not be used to endorse or promote

       products derived from this software without specific prior written

       permission.

   THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS

   "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT

   LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR

   A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR

   CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,

   EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,

   PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR

   PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF

   LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING

   NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS

   SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

   Any feedback is very welcome.

   http://www.math.keio.ac.jp/matumoto/emt.html

   email: matumoto@math.keio.ac.jp

Sockets

-------

The :mod:`socket` module uses the functions, :func:`getaddrinfo`, and

:func:`getnameinfo`, which are coded in separate source files from the WIDE

Project, http://www.wide.ad.jp/. ::

   Copyright (C) 1995, 1996, 1997, and 1998 WIDE Project.

   All rights reserved.

   Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without

   modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions

   are met:

   1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright

      notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.

   2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright

      notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the

      documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.

   3. Neither the name of the project nor the names of its contributors

      may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software

      without specific prior written permission.

   THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE PROJECT AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND

   GAI_ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE

   IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE

   ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE PROJECT OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE

   FOR GAI_ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL

   DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS

   OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)

   HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON GAI_ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT

   LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN GAI_ANY WAY

   OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF

   SUCH DAMAGE.

Floating point exception control

--------------------------------

The source for the :mod:`fpectl` module includes the following notice::

     ---------------------------------------------------------------------  

    /                       Copyright (c) 1996.                           \ 

   |          The Regents of the University of California.                 |

   |                        All rights reserved.                           |

   |                                                                       |

   |   Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for   |

   |   any purpose without fee is hereby granted, provided that this en-   |

   |   tire notice is included in all copies of any software which is or   |

   |   includes  a  copy  or  modification  of  this software and in all   |

   |   copies of the supporting documentation for such software.           |

   |                                                                       |

   |   This  work was produced at the University of California, Lawrence   |

   |   Livermore National Laboratory under  contract  no.  W-7405-ENG-48   |

   |   between  the  U.S.  Department  of  Energy and The Regents of the   |

   |   University of California for the operation of UC LLNL.              |

   |                                                                       |

   |                              DISCLAIMER                               |

   |                                                                       |

   |   This  software was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an   |

   |   agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States   |

   |   Government  nor the University of California nor any of their em-   |

   |   ployees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or  assumes  any   |

   |   liability  or  responsibility  for the accuracy, completeness, or   |

   |   usefulness of any information,  apparatus,  product,  or  process   |

   |   disclosed,   or  represents  that  its  use  would  not  infringe   |

   |   privately-owned rights. Reference herein to any specific  commer-   |

   |   cial  products,  process,  or  service  by trade name, trademark,   |

   |   manufacturer, or otherwise, does not  necessarily  constitute  or   |

   |   imply  its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United   |

   |   States Government or the University of California. The views  and   |

   |   opinions  of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or   |

   |   reflect those of the United States Government or  the  University   |

   |   of  California,  and shall not be used for advertising or product   |

    \  endorsement purposes.                                              / 

     ---------------------------------------------------------------------

MD5 message digest algorithm

----------------------------

The source code for the :mod:`md5` module contains the following notice::

     Copyright (C) 1999, 2002 Aladdin Enterprises.  All rights reserved.

     This software is provided 'as-is', without any express or implied

     warranty.  In no event will the authors be held liable for any damages

     arising from the use of this software.

     Permission is granted to anyone to use this software for any purpose,

     including commercial applications, and to alter it and redistribute it

     freely, subject to the following restrictions:

     1. The origin of this software must not be misrepresented; you must not

        claim that you wrote the original software. If you use this software

        in a product, an acknowledgment in the product documentation would be

        appreciated but is not required.

     2. Altered source versions must be plainly marked as such, and must not be

        misrepresented as being the original software.

     3. This notice may not be removed or altered from any source distribution.

     L. Peter Deutsch

     ghost@aladdin.com

     Independent implementation of MD5 (RFC 1321).

     This code implements the MD5 Algorithm defined in RFC 1321, whose

     text is available at

   	http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1321.txt

     The code is derived from the text of the RFC, including the test suite

     (section A.5) but excluding the rest of Appendix A.  It does not include

     any code or documentation that is identified in the RFC as being

     copyrighted.

     The original and principal author of md5.h is L. Peter Deutsch

     <ghost@aladdin.com>.  Other authors are noted in the change history

     that follows (in reverse chronological order):

     2002-04-13 lpd Removed support for non-ANSI compilers; removed

   	references to Ghostscript; clarified derivation from RFC 1321;

   	now handles byte order either statically or dynamically.

     1999-11-04 lpd Edited comments slightly for automatic TOC extraction.

     1999-10-18 lpd Fixed typo in header comment (ansi2knr rather than md5);

   	added conditionalization for C++ compilation from Martin

   	Purschke <purschke@bnl.gov>.

     1999-05-03 lpd Original version.

Asynchronous socket services

----------------------------

The :mod:`asynchat` and :mod:`asyncore` modules contain the following notice::

   Copyright 1996 by Sam Rushing

                           All Rights Reserved

   Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and

   its documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby

   granted, provided that the above copyright notice appear in all

   copies and that both that copyright notice and this permission

   notice appear in supporting documentation, and that the name of Sam

   Rushing not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to

   distribution of the software without specific, written prior

   permission.

   SAM RUSHING DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE,

   INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS, IN

   NO EVENT SHALL SAM RUSHING BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR

   CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS

   OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,

   NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN

   CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.

Cookie management

-----------------

The :mod:`Cookie` module contains the following notice::

   Copyright 2000 by Timothy O'Malley <timo@alum.mit.edu>

                  All Rights Reserved

   Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software

   and its documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby

   granted, provided that the above copyright notice appear in all

   copies and that both that copyright notice and this permission

   notice appear in supporting documentation, and that the name of

   Timothy O'Malley  not be used in advertising or publicity

   pertaining to distribution of the software without specific, written

   prior permission.

   Timothy O'Malley DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS

   SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY

   AND FITNESS, IN NO EVENT SHALL Timothy O'Malley BE LIABLE FOR

   ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES

   WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS,

   WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS

   ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR

   PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.

Profiling

---------

The :mod:`profile` and :mod:`pstats` modules contain the following notice::