The estimate of the carrier-to-noise ratio of the received signal from the particular satellite used in the measurement. It is given in units of dB-Hz (typical levels will be in the range of 20 - 50 dB-Hz).

It is the instantaneous frequency difference between the receiver's internal oscillator and the received carrier from the satellite. Hz, scale factor 0.2.

The UE GPS code-phase measurement is divided into the fields "Whole GPS Chips" and "Fractional GPS Chips". Scale factor 2-10 Fractional value of the UE GPS code-phase measurement.

Contains the possible multipath indicators. Multipath error is usually caused by one path being bounced or reflected. The impact on a pseudo-range measurement may be up to a few metres. In the case of carrier phase, this is of the order of a few centimetres.

A distance measurement based on the correlation of a satellite's transmitted code (may be the C/A-Code or the encrypted P-Code) and the local receiver's reference code (for that PRN satellite number), that has not been corrected for errors in synchronisation between the transmitter's clock and the receiver's clock. Hence a pseudo-range measurement is a time-error biased distance measurement.

Satellite Identification

Unit in GPS chips. Whole value of the UE GPS code-phase measurement, where increasing binary values of the field signify increasing measured pseudoranges.